In the past decade, an interesting methodological development has taken place: the translation of citizenship and integration policies into a series of indicators and aggregate policy indicies. The quantification of admission, rights acquisition, and status procedures not only enables comparison of policies across states and time, but also more rigorous testing, both in terms of determinants and effects of policy. While the development of these indices has been prolific (Koopmans et. al 2005; Howard 2009; Janoski 2010; Goodman 2010; MIPEX 2011; Koopmans et. al 2012; EUDO Citizenship 2013), there has been very little in the way of testing. The aim of this panel is to pull together comparative analyses that make use of these indices. How can we explain differences across countries and changes across time? Are policies effective and do they influence naturalization or immigration rates and the integration of immigrants?