Since the first half of the twentieth century, and increasingly in the past decades, Protestant groups have increasingly come to regard Europe as a field in need of missionary attention. This interdisciplinary panel will map the range of actors involved in various forms of missionary activity throughout Europe, including short-term missions, evangelistic events, church planting, and reverse missions. Panelists will also give an account of the ways in which Europe, initially the presumed center of Christendom, came to be framed as a mission field. What practices, theological discourses and cultural forms made this remarkable change in the geographical imagination of Protestant missionaries possible? Finally, the panel will investigate potential long-term consequences of missionary and evangelistic activities in Europe for social life, politics, urban culture, and religious practice on the continent.