Quiescent or Invisible? Precarious and Unemployed Movements in Europe

In spite of the obstacles unemployed people need to surmount to get involved in politics, unemployed movements have in many countries and at different times in history. This paper reviews the literature on unemployed movements, covering studies focusing on grievances, those examining the role of resources or the lack thereof, and those stressing the impact of political opportunities. In addition, we address the recent growth of atypical employment and the emergence of movements of precarious workers.