Labour markets are changing significantly due to pressures from technological change, offshoring, changes in institutions, and secular stagnation. These factors might have affected individuals differently, depending on their skills and the extent to which these individuals are protected by institutions. This session aims to contribute to the comparative political economy literature by posing a number of interrelated questions. Which individuals have become more exposed to labour market risks? How have individuals responded in terms of their redistributive and political preferences, and has this led to new social cleavages? Did welfare states respond to such risks by providing additional insurance, and if so, under what socio-political conditions and are there differences in policy responses across welfare states?