Even in difficult times for European integration, policy-related Europeanisation is moving forward. The panel explores the ongoing transformation of the EU’s Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ). The institutional setting has been further developed since the Treaty of Lisbon entered into force in 2009. The European Commission and the European Parliament have become important players for policy-making, while the member states’ governments try to preserve their influence with intergovernmental strategies in the Council. This has led to a multilevel setting more similar to other policy areas than before. In parallel, the Court of Justice started to discover the relevance of the Charter of Fundamental Rights for AFSJ cases. New challenges, e.g. related to terrorism, have created a new demand for the EU as coordinator in this field.