Fascism After Second World War in France and Italy. A Comparative Approach

The restoration of Radical Right thought was initiated immediately after the end of Second World War (indeep, the most prominent Fascist thinkers were working in the "transformation" in the last years of war). The search for a new "legitimacy" was based in a share intellectual concern about the rebuilding of a "modernized" Fascist ideology renamed as a social movement. In both France and Italy postwar Fascist parties, there was a desire of rehabilitation towards their political regimes and ideas, but at the same time new trends were evolving inside with a growing influence by part of new radicals in core and formal "democrats". The road to a transversal focus of politics and action was coming. The objective is not only to achieve official political power, but especially to permeate society with contemporary Fascist values and beliefs, now recalled as "populist", "social" or "to guarantee a fair and decent society". The failure of black terrorism in Italy, for instance, is a demonstration of this, as the resilience of the French National Front. The word "fascist" was expelled of their political vocabulary in order to extend this socialization of codes from trade-unions to small local and regional parties, civil associations. We will examine the responsibles, the creators, and thinkers of this new "apolitical" ideology that socializes Fascist ideas, and their victims and colaborationists.