As Europe seeks to respond to the challenges posed by various forms of extremism and political violence, scholars have increasingly sought to develop a more systematic understanding of the processes, practices and conditions that both generate opportunities for and inhibit the diffusion of extremism and political violence. This panel seeks to develop more situated understandings of the processes through which extremism gathers or loses momentum, developing new insight about the cultural, institutional and discursive contexts and mechanisms that are shaping contemporary struggles around extremism and violence, and offering innovative perspectives through which to understand, and intervene in, these struggles.