Across the European continent, regions aspiring to be nations are attempting to break away from their mother countries. There are now serious secessionist movements in Europe. Flanders, Scottish and Catalan nationalists have won electoral pluralities. British Prime Minister David Cameron agreed with the Scottish National Party —the single largest party in the Scottish Assembly— to hold a referendum on independence in 2014. The aim of this session is to analyze the emergence and consolidation of Catalan and Basque secessionist demands in the case of Spain. To do so the session addresses different political dimensions of these nationalist demands and its implications for the stability of Spanish democracy and its system of territorial accommodation.